State two characteristics of the compounds in a homologous series, other. Functional group a group of atoms which are responsible for the characteristics and chemical reactions for that homologous series. Learners gain an understanding of the basic principles of chemistry through a mix of theoretical and practical studies. Gcse igcse o level introduction to organic chemistry why so many homologous series of organic compounds. They are compounds with alkyl radicals with halogen atom or even atoms as their functional group. Halogenoalkanes are a homologous series in the organic chemistry. Alkanes dont have a functional group and so dont react. Why many different homologous series of organic compounds and. The first two members of the homologous series of alcohols are methanol and ethanol. The alkanes, alkenes and cycloalkanes are examples of homologous series. Homologous series are not unique to organic chemistry.
The chainis the line of carbon atoms joined together. The alkanes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons. The compounds in a homologous series should have 1 similar chemical formulas 2 similar chemical properties 3 physical properties that show a gradual change or trend based on the differences in their formulas for example, you could look at boiling points of h2o, h2s, and h2se and then explain the difference with a discussion of intermolecular. A method consisting of three steps is used to make zinc sulfate from zinc carbonate. Homologous series grade 11 science notes reference notes. The members of a homologous series have similar chemical properties. A homologous series homos is greek for the same as can be defined as the group of compounds in which the various members have similar structural features and similar chemical properties and the successive members differ in their molecular formula by one methylene ch 2 group characteristics of homologous series. The general characteristics of a homologous series are. Chemicals in the same homologous series will show a gradual variation in one property eg.
This means that they have similar chemical properties to each other and they have trends in physical properties. The members of a series have same functional group. A homologous series is a group of compounds with similar characteristics and the. Homologous series cie igcse chemistry revision notes. Present general information about the definition, characteristics and structure of homologous including additional information not found in the original video lesson include at least 2 facts not. For example, methane, ethane, and propane are part of a homologous series. Give two characteristics, other than having the same general formula, of members of an homologous series.
A family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the. Here are all the chemistry key terms and definitions at revision universe. Doc browns gcse 91 igcseo level ks4 sciencechemistry revision notes. All the compounds in part a belong to the same homologous series and have the. Lahvanya raoov moved describe the general characteristics of an homologous series lower. A series of free igcse chemistry activities and experiments cambridge. They are named by replacing the final e in the corresponding alkane by ol. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at uk after the live examination series.
Based on the table, state and explain five characteristics of a homologous series. This means they contain at least one carboncarbon double bond which displaces two hydrogen atoms and thus, alkenes do not have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms per carbon atom. The characteristics of a homologous series, a series of compounds containing the same functional group. The first member is methanol and the fourth is butanol.
Extended only describe the general characteristics of a homologous series. In your answer, include two reasons for using coke in the blast furnace. Ch 3 oh ch 3 ch 2 ch 2 ch 2 oh methanol butanol a i give two general characteristics of a homologous series. They are compatible for all exam boards including igcse.
Natures chemistry homologous series national 5 chemistry. A series of free igcse chemistry activities and experiments cambridge igcse chemistry. A series of organic compounds that have similar structural features but differ from adjacent members by ch 2 group is referred to as homologous series. Homologous series a group of molecules with similar physical and chemical properties, the same general formula and the same functional group albeit with trends e. This video is created by more videos and free notes are available at. Homologous series a homologous series is a group of compounds with similar characteristics and the same general formula. Characteristics of homologous series carbon compound youtube. Homologous series is defined as a systematic order of organic compounds having same functional group that can be represented by same general formula and prepared by same method.
A homologous series in organic chemistry is a group of organic compounds compounds that contain carbon c atoms that diverge from each other by one methylene ch 2 group. Homologous series are referenced frequently in organic chemistry, where compounds can. Each human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes or 46 total. Describe the general characteristics of an homologous series. The first four members of the homologous series of alkenes are ethene, propene, butene and pentene. Homologous series means that the series has the same general formula and the compounds have similar properties and structure, differing only in the number of ch 2 units in the chain.
The following is one of the chemistry spm 2009 questions related to homologous series. Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes and react with bromine water, turning it from orange to colourless the general formula for the homologous series of alkenes is cnh2n alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double carboncarbon bond. Titanium, vanadium, and molybdenum oxides all form homologous series e. During sexual reproduction, one chromosome in each homologous pair is donated from the mother and the other from the father. In chemistry, a homologous series is a group of compounds that share the same basic chemical makeup, but differ in the number of iterations of a certain aspect of their structure. Each member of homologous series is called homolog. The table below shows the first four alcohols in the alcohol homologous series. Lahvanya raoov moved describe the general characteristics of an. Detailed revision notes on the topic homologous series. Describe the concept of homologous series as a family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties due to the presence of the same.
For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Why many different homologous series of organic compounds. So, if the functional group doesnt change, why are homologous series interesting. A human karyotype shows the complete set of human chromosomes. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. Every chromosome pair represents a set of homologous chromosomes. Chemistry key terms and definitions revision universe. A formula that states the ratio of atoms of each element in the formula of every compound in a particular homologous series. Characteristics of homologous series carbon compound. A homologous series is a group of chemicals which have similar chemical properties and can be represented by a general formula.
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